In conclusion, it is evidenced from the above discussion that CSA is a complex and perplexing phenomenon. Whilst definition and methodological issues present problems in the research and clinical arenas, most professionals in the field agree that CSA is a highly destructive and problematic experience for the majority of survivors. Lack of clarity surrounding a specific definition, and massive underreporting of cases has lead to prevalence statistics presenting, at best, “bare minimum” figures. Issues concerning survivor memory, co-occurrence of other problems in childhood upbringing (such as child abuse, poverty, family violence, and drug and alcohol abuse) and co-morbidity of other mental illness, all contribute to the problem of attributing “causal” inference. »