Anxiety is an adaptive reaction that everyone experiences from time to time, including animals. Anxiety alarms us of situations and circumstances that involve some threat of danger, and it enables our body to respond in ways that help keep us safe. This response is a useful survival mechanism, helping us to avoid or even prevent dangerous situations, and is known as the Fight or Flight Response. »
Defining ineffective options is really difficult because there is not a lot of research evidence to guide people about what are effective and ineffective responses to workplace harassment and bullying in context (Commonwealth Department of Health and Aged Care, 2000: 35). »
In part 1 of this article, we explored the unique needs of suddenly unemployed individuals and the first three stages of the emotional wave (e-wave) associated with a sudden job loss: shock and denial; fear and panic; and anger. »
Unfortunately, 'organisational restructuring' and 'downsizing' are common events in today's workplace. For those individuals who suddenly lose their job, financial pressures can be overwhelming. Most support individuals receive focuses on helping them to plan financially. However even under the best conditions where someone has ample savings and decent job prospects, suddenly losing a job is an em... »
Solution focused therapies are founded on the rationale that there are exceptions to every problem and through examining these exceptions and having a clear vision of a preferred future, client and counsellor, together, can generate ideas for solutions. »
The person-centred approach was developed from the concepts of humanistic psychology. The humanistic approach "views people as capable and autonomous, with the ability to resolve their difficulties, realize their potential, and change their lives in positive ways" (Seligman, 2006). »
Your life is a narrative, counted and recounted from many different perspectives, and by diverse people. There are settings, themes, characters and plots – just like in any movie, book, historical account or legendary fable. In this article we review the approach of Narrative Therapy and how it can be effectively used by counsellors to assist individuals improve their lives. »
Motivational enhancement is a style of person-centred counselling developed to facilitate change in health-related behaviours. The core principle of the approach is negotiation rather than conflict. It aims to help people explore and resolve their ambivalence about behaviour change. »
Some of the major techniques used in counselling and other disciplines (e.g. coaching) are based on the key theoretical models of behaviour therapy, cognitive behaviour therapy, person-centred therapy, solution-focused therapy and gestalt. »
Some of the major techniques used in counselling and other disciplines (e.g. coaching) are based on the key theoretical models of behaviour therapy, cognitive behaviour therapy, person-centred therapy, solution-focused therapy and gestalt. »
Gestalt Therapy was developed in the 1940's by Fritz and Laura Perls and further influenced by the likes of Kurt Lewin and Kurt Goldstein (Corsini & Wedding, 2000). It was developed as a revision to psychoanalysis and focuses on an experiential and humanistic approach rather than analysis of the unconscious which was one of the main therapeutic tools at the time Gestalt Therapy was employed. »
Eric Berne, the pioneer of transactional analysis, made complex interpersonal transactions understandable when he recognised that the human personality is made up of three "ego states". Each ego state is an entire system of thoughts, feelings, and behaviours from which we interact with one another. Parent, Adult and Child ego states and an interaction between them form the foundation of transactio... »
Cognitive-behaviour therapy involves a specific focus on cognitive strategies such as identification and modification of maladaptive cognitive errors and restructuring of core beliefs and/or representations of the self. Further focus is on behavioural strategies that are designed to activate clients in the environment with a view to effect desired behaviour change. »
According to Seligman (2006) Behaviour Therapy focuses on the present and not the past, observable behaviours rather than unconscious forces and short-term treatment, clear goals, and rapid change. »
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